2016 United States Senate elections

Alaska election
← 2010 2022 →
	Results by state house district:; Murkowski: 30-40% 40-50% 50-60%; Miller: 40-50%
U.S. senator before election; Lisa Murkowski; Republican	Elected U.S. Senator ; Lisa Murkowski; Republican

Alabama election
← 2010 2022 →
	Shelby: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% ; Crumpton: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
U.S. senator before election; Richard Shelby; Republican	Elected U.S. Senator ; Richard Shelby; Republican

2016 United States Senate elections
2017 (AL) →
34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate; 51 seats needed for a majority
	Results of the elections:; Democratic hold Democratic gain; Republican hold; No election
Majority Leader before election; Mitch McConnell; Republican	Elected Majority Leader ; Mitch McConnell; Republican

The 2016 United States Senate elections were held on November 8, 2016. The presidential election, House elections, 14 gubernatorial elections, and many state and local elections were held concurrently.

In the elections, 34 of the 100 seats—all Class 3 Senate seats—were contested in regular elections; the winners served 6-year terms until January 3, 2023. Class 3 was last up for election in 2010 when Republicans won a net gain of 6 seats.

In 2016, Democrats defended 10 seats, while Republicans defended 24 seats. Republicans, having won a majority of seats in the Senate in 2014, held the Senate majority with 54 seats before this election. Although the Democrats made a net gain of 2 seats and did not lose any of their seats, Republicans retained control of the Senate for the 115th United States Congress. The 2 Democratic gains came from the defeats of incumbents Kelly Ayotte in New Hampshire and Mark Kirk in Illinois by Maggie Hassan and Tammy Duckworth, respectively.

Despite Republicans retaining control of the Senate, 2016 marked the first time since 1986 where Democrats made a net gain of seats in Class 3. This is also the only election cycle since the popular-vote election of senators was mandated by the 17th Amendment in 1913 that the winning party in every Senate election mirrored the winning party for their state in the presidential election.^[2]^[3] This feat had nearly been accomplished earlier in 1920, which also involved the Class 3 Senate seats, and nearly repeated in 2020; in both cases, every state, with the exception of Kentucky in 1920 and Maine in 2020, voted for the same party in the presidential election and their Senate election. In addition, this election marked the first time since 2000 in which the party in opposition to the elected or reelected presidential candidate made net gains in the Senate; both cases involved the election of a Republican president and the Democrats making gains in the Senate.

With the retirement of Harry Reid, Chuck Schumer became the Democratic leader after the elections, while Mitch McConnell retained his position as Senate Majority Leader.

As of 2024, this is last time Republicans won Senate races in Arizona, Georgia, or Pennsylvania. It is also the last election cycle at least until 2026 where there were no special elections.

Results summary

All 34 Class 3 senators were up for election in 2016; Class 3 consisted of 10 Democrats and 24 Republicans. Of the senators not up for election, 34 of the senators not up for election were Democrats, 30 senators were Republicans, and two senators were independents who caucused with the Senate Democrats.

↓
44	2	54

Democratic

Independent

Republican

Parties		Democratic	Republican	Independent	Libertarian	Green	Other	Total
Parties								Total
Before these elections		44	54	2	—	—	—	100
Not up		34	30	2	—	—	—	66
	Class 1 (2012→2018)	23	8	2	—	—	—	33
	Class 2 (2014→2020)	11	22	0	—	—	—	33
Up		10	24	0	—	—	—	34
	Class 3 (2010→2016)	10	24	0	—	—	—	34
	Special: All classes	0	0	0	—	—	—	0

General election
Incumbent retired		3	2	—	—	—	—	5
	Held by same party	3	2	—	—	—	—	5
	Replaced by other party	0	0	—	—	—	—	0
	Result	3	2	—	—	—	—	5
Incumbent ran		7	22	—	—	—	—	29
	Won re-election	7	20	—	—	—	—	27
	Lost re-election	2 Republicans replaced by 2 Democrats		—	—	—	—	2
	Lost renomination but held by same party	0	0	—	—	—	—	0
	Result	9	20	—	—	—	—	29

Total elected		12	22	—	—	—	—	34
Net gain/loss		2	2					2

Nationwide vote		51,315,969	40,841,717	626,763	1,788,112	695,838	1,598,110	96,866,509
	Share	52.98%	42.16%	0.65%	1.85%	0.72%	1.65%	100%

Result		46	52	2	—	—	—	100

Source: Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives^[1]

Change in composition

Before the elections

D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈	D₉	D₁₀
D₂₀	D₁₉	D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁
D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈	D₂₉	D₃₀
D₄₀ Nev. Retired	D₃₉ Md. Retired	D₃₈ Hawaii Ran	D₃₇ Conn. Ran	D₃₆ Colo. Ran	D₃₅ Calif. Retired	Re-elected D₃₄ 0	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁
D₄₁ N.Y. Ran	D₄₂ Ore. Ran	D₄₃ Vt. Ran	D₄₄ Wash. Ran	I₁	I₂	R₅₄ Wisc. Ran	R₅₃ Utah Ran	R₅₂ S.Dak. Ran	R₅₁ S.C. Ran
Majority →									R₅₁ S.C. Ran
R₄₁ Kans. Ran	R₄₂ Ky. Ran	R₄₃ La. Retired	R₄₄ Mo. Ran	R₄₅ N.H. Ran	R₄₆ N.C. Ran	R₄₇ N.Dak. Ran	R₄₈ Ohio Ran	R₄₉ Okla. Ran	R₅₀ Pa. Ran
R₄₀ Iowa Ran	R₃₉ Ind. Retired	R₃₈ Ill. Ran	R₃₇ Idaho Ran	R₃₆ Ga. Ran	R₃₅ Fla. Ran	R₃₄ Ark. Ran	R₃₃ Ariz. Ran	R₃₂ Alaska Ran	R₃₁ Ala. Ran
R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈	R₂₉	R₃₀
R₂₀	R₁₉	R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁
R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈	R₉	R₁₀

After the elections

D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈	D₉	D₁₀
D₂₀	D₁₉	D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁
D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈	D₂₉	D₃₀
D₄₀ Nev. Hold	D₃₉ Md. Hold	D₃₈ Hawaii Re-elected	D₃₇ Conn. Re-elected	D₃₆ Colo. Re-elected	D₃₅ Calif. Hold	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁
D₄₁ N.Y. Re-elected	D₄₂ Ore. Re-elected	D₄₃ Vt. Re-elected	D₄₄ Wash. Re-elected	D₄₅ Ill. Gain	D₄₆ N.H. Gain	I₁	I₂	R₅₂ Wisc. Re-elected	R₅₁ Utah Re-elected
Majority →									R₅₁ Utah Re-elected
R₄₁ Ky. Re-elected	R₄₂ La. Hold	R₄₃ Mo. Re-elected	R₄₄ N.C. Re-elected	R₄₅ N.Dak. Re-elected	R₄₆ Ohio Re-elected	R₄₇ Okla. Re-elected	R₄₈ Pa. Re-elected	R₄₉ S.C. Re-elected	R₅₀ S.Dak. Re-elected
R₄₀ Kans. Re-elected	R₃₉ Iowa Re-elected	R₃₈ Ind. Hold	R₃₇ Idaho Re-elected	R₃₆ Ga. Re-elected	R₃₅ Fla. Re-elected	R₃₄ Ark. Re-elected	R₃₃ Ariz. Re-elected	R₃₂ Alaska Re-elected	R₃₁ Ala. Re-elected
R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈	R₂₉	R₃₀
R₂₀	R₁₉	R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁
R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈	R₉	R₁₀

Key:

D_#	Democratic
R_#	Republican
I_#	Independent, caucusing with Democrats

Final pre-election predictions

Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive seats. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the incumbent (if the incumbent is running for reelection) and the other candidates, and the state's partisan lean (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each seat, indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that seat.

Most election predictors used:

"tossup": no advantage
"tilt" (used by some predictors): advantage that is not quite as strong as "lean"
"lean": slight advantage
"likely" or "favored": significant, but surmountable, advantage
"safe" or "solid": near-certain chance of victory

Where a site gives a percentage probability as its primary indicator of expected outcome, the chart below classifies a race as follows:

Tossup: 50-55%
Tilt: 56-60%
Lean: 61-75%
Likely: 76-93%
Safe: 94-100%

The New York Times's Upshot gave the Democrats a 60% chance of winning the Senate on August 24, 2016;^[4] on September 23, their model gave Republicans a 58% chance to maintain control.^[5]

Constituency		Incumbent		2016 election ratings
State	PVI	Senator	Last election^[c]	Cook Nov. 2 2016^[6]	Sabato Nov. 7 2016^[7]	Roth. Nov. 3 2016^[8]	Daily Kos Nov. 7 2016^[9]	RCP Nov. 7 2016^[10]	538 Nov. 7 2016^[11]	NYT Nov. 7 2016^[5]	TPM Nov. 5 2016^[12]	Result
Alabama	R+14	Richard Shelby	63.4% R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Shelby 64.0% R
Alaska	R+12	Lisa Murkowski	39.5% R^[d]	Likely R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Murkowski 44.4% R
Arizona	R+7	John McCain	59.2% R	Lean R	Likely R	Likely R	Safe R	Lean R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	McCain 53.7% R
Arkansas	R+14	John Boozman	57.9% R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Boozman 59.7% R
California	D+9	Barbara Boxer (retiring)	52.2% D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Harris 61.8% D
Colorado	D+1	Michael Bennet	47.7% D	Likely D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Lean D	Safe D	Safe D	Likely D	Bennet 50.0% D
Connecticut	D+7	Richard Blumenthal	55.2% D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Blumenthal 63.2% D
Florida	R+2	Marco Rubio	48.9% R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Lean R	Tossup	Likely R	Likely R	Lean R	Rubio 52.0% R
Georgia	R+6	Johnny Isakson	58.1% R	Likely R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Likely R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Isakson 54.8% R
Hawaii	D+20	Brian Schatz	69.8% D (2014 special)^[e]	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Schatz 73.6% D
Idaho	R+18	Mike Crapo	71.2% R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Crapo 66.1% R
Illinois	D+8	Mark Kirk	48.2% R	Lean D (flip)	Likely D (flip)	Lean D (flip)	Safe D (flip)	Likely D (flip)	Safe D (flip)	Safe D (flip)	Safe D (flip)	Duckworth 54.9% D (flip)
Indiana	R+5	Dan Coats (retiring)	56.4% R	Tossup	Lean R	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Lean R	Tossup	Lean R	Young 52.1% R
Iowa	D+1	Chuck Grassley	64.5% R	Likely R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Grassley 60.1% R
Kansas	R+12	Jerry Moran	70.0% R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Moran 62.2% R
Kentucky	R+13	Rand Paul	55.7% R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Likely R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Paul 57.3% R
Louisiana	R+12	David Vitter (retiring)	56.6% R	Safe R	Likely R	Safe R	Safe R	Likely R	Safe R	Safe R	Likely R	Kennedy 60.6% R
Maryland	D+10	Barbara Mikulski (retiring)	62.2% D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Van Hollen 60.9% D
Missouri	R+5	Roy Blunt	54.3% R	Tossup	Lean R	Tossup	Lean R	Tossup	Tossup	Lean R	Tossup	Blunt 49.2% R
Nevada	D+2	Harry Reid (retiring)	50.2% D	Tossup	Lean D	Tossup	Lean D	Tossup	Lean D	Lean D	Tossup	Cortez Masto 47.1% D
New Hampshire	D+1	Kelly Ayotte	60.2% R	Tossup	Lean D (flip)	Tossup	Lean D (flip)	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Hassan 48.0% D (flip)
New York	D+11	Chuck Schumer	66.3% D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Schumer 70.4% D
North Carolina	R+3	Richard Burr	55.0% R	Tossup	Lean R	Tossup	Tossup	Tossup	Lean R	Lean R	Tossup	Burr 51.1% R
North Dakota	R+10	John Hoeven	76.1% R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Hoeven 78.4% R
Oklahoma	R+19	James Lankford	67.9% R (2014 special)^[f]	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Lankford 67.7% R
Ohio	R+1	Rob Portman	57.3% R	Lean R	Safe R	Likely R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Portman 58.0% R
Oregon	D+5	Ron Wyden	57.2% D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Wyden 56.1% D
Pennsylvania	D+1	Pat Toomey	51.0% R	Tossup	Lean D (flip)	Tossup	Lean D (flip)	Tossup	Lean D (flip)	Lean D (flip)	Lean D (flip)	Toomey 48.8% R
South Carolina	R+8	Tim Scott	61.1% R (2014 special)^[g]	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Scott 60.5% R
South Dakota	R+10	John Thune	100.0% R^[h]	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Thune 71.8% R
Utah	R+22	Mike Lee	61.6% R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Safe R	Lee 68.1% R
Vermont	D+18	Patrick Leahy	64.4% D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Leahy 61.3% D
Washington	D+5	Patty Murray	52.1% D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Safe D	Murray 58.8%
Wisconsin	D+2	Ron Johnson	51.9% R	Tossup	Lean D (flip)	Tilt D (flip)	Lean D (flip)	Tossup	Likely D (flip)	Lean D (flip)	Lean D (flip)	Johnson 50.2% R
Overall^[i]				D - 46 R - 47 7 tossups	D – 50^[j] R – 50 0 tossups	D - 47 R - 47 6 tossups	D - 50 R - 48 2 tossups	D - 46 R - 46 8 tossups	D - 49 R - 49 2 tossups	D - 49 R - 49 2 tossups	D - 48 R - 48 4 tossups	Results: D - 48 R - 52

Primary dates

This table shows the primary dates for regularly-scheduled elections. It also shows the type of primary.

"Open" primary: any registered voter can vote in any party's primary
"Closed" primary, only voters registered with a specific party can vote in that party's primary.
"Top-two" primary, all candidates run against each other regardless of party affiliation, and the top two candidates advance to the second round of voting. (In Louisiana, a candidate can win the election by winning a majority of the vote in the first round.)
All of the various other primary types are classified as "hybrid." Alaska in 2008 provides one example of a hybrid primary: The Democratic Party allowed unaffiliated voters to vote in its primary, while the Republican Party only allowed party members to vote in its primary.^[13]

State	Date^[14]	Type^[13]
Alabama	Mar. 1^R	Open
Arkansas	Mar. 1^R	Open
Illinois	Mar 15	Hybrid
North Carolina	Mar 15	Hybrid
Ohio	Mar 15	Hybrid
Maryland	April 26	Hybrid
Pennsylvania	April 26	Closed
Indiana	May 3	Open
Idaho	May 17	Hybrid
Kentucky	May 17	Closed
Oregon	May 17	Hybrid
Georgia	May 24^R	Open
California	June 7	Top-two
Iowa	June 7	Hybrid
South Dakota	June 7^R	Hybrid
Nevada	June 14	Closed
North Dakota	June 14	Open
South Carolina	June 14^R	Hybrid
Colorado	June 28	Hybrid
New York	June 28	Closed
Oklahoma	June 28^R	Hybrid
Utah	June 28	Hybrid
Kansas	Aug 2	Closed
Missouri	Aug 2	Open
Washington	Aug 2	Top-two
Connecticut	Aug 9	Hybrid
Vermont	Aug 9	Open
Wisconsin	Aug 9	Open
Hawaii	Aug 13	Open
Alaska	Aug 16	Hybrid
Arizona	Aug 30	Hybrid
Florida	Aug 30	Closed
New Hampshire	Sep 13	Hybrid
Louisiana	Nov 8	Top-two

^RIndicates a state that requires primary run-off elections under certain conditions.

Gains, losses and holds

Retirements

Three Democrats and two Republicans retired instead of seeking re-election.

State	Senator	Replaced by
California	Barbara Boxer	Kamala Harris
Indiana	Dan Coats	Todd Young
Louisiana	David Vitter	John Kennedy
Maryland	Barbara Mikulski	Chris Van Hollen
Nevada	Harry Reid	Catherine Cortez Masto

Defeats

Two Republicans sought re-election but lost in the general election.

State	Senator	Replaced by
Illinois	Mark Kirk	Tammy Duckworth
New Hampshire	Kelly Ayotte	Maggie Hassan

Post-election changes

One Republican died during the 115th Congress. Two Republicans and one Democrat resigned. All were replaced by appointees. In Alabama, a 2017 special election was held prior to the 2018 Senate elections for the remainder of the Class 2 term, where Democrat Doug Jones won the special election to succeed Republican appointee Luther Strange, who lost nomination to finish the term.

State	Senator	Replaced by
Alabama (Class 2)	Jeff Sessions	Luther Strange
Alabama (Class 2)	Luther Strange	Doug Jones
Minnesota (Class 2)	Al Franken	Tina Smith
Mississippi (Class 2)	Thad Cochran	Cindy Hyde-Smith
Arizona (Class 3)	John McCain	Jon Kyl

Race summary

Elections leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 2017; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State	Incumbent			Result^[15]	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Result^[15]	Candidates
Alabama	Richard Shelby	Republican	1986^[k] 1992 1998 2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Richard Shelby (Republican)^[16] 64.0% ▌Ron Crumpton (Democratic) 35.8% Write-ins 0.2%
Alaska	Lisa Murkowski	Republican	2002 (appointed) 2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Lisa Murkowski (Republican)^[17] 44.5% ▌Joe Miller (Libertarian) 29.2% ▌Margaret Stock (Independent) 13.3% ▌Ray Metcalfe (Democratic) 11.6%
Arizona	John McCain	Republican	1986 1992 1998 2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John McCain (Republican)^[18] 53.7% ▌Ann Kirkpatrick (Democratic)^[19] 40.8% ▌Gary Swing (Green) 5.5%
Arkansas	John Boozman	Republican	2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Boozman (Republican)^[20] 59.7% ▌Conner Eldridge (Democratic) 36.3% ▌Frank Gilbert (Libertarian) 4.0%
California	Barbara Boxer	Democratic	1992 1998 2004 2010	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Kamala Harris (Democratic) 61.8% ▌Loretta Sanchez (Democratic) 38.2%
Colorado	Michael Bennet	Democratic	2009 (appointed) 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Michael Bennet (Democratic)^[21] 50.0% ▌Darryl Glenn (Republican)^[22] 44.3% ▌Lily Tang Williams (Libertarian) 3.6% ▌Arn Menconi (Green) 1.3%
Connecticut	Richard Blumenthal	Democratic	2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Richard Blumenthal (Democratic)^[23] 63.2% ▌Dan E. Carter (Republican)^[24] 34.6% ▌Richard Lion (Libertarian) 1.1% ▌Jeff Russell (Green) 1.0%
Florida	Marco Rubio	Republican	2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Marco Rubio (Republican)^[25] 52.0% ▌Patrick Murphy (Democratic)^[26] 44.3% ▌Paul Stanton (Libertarian) 2.1%
Georgia	Johnny Isakson	Republican	2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Johnny Isakson (Republican)^[27] 54.8% ▌Jim Barksdale (Democratic)^[28] 41% ▌Allen Buckley (Libertarian) 4.16%
Hawaii	Brian Schatz	Democratic	2012 (appointed) 2014 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Brian Schatz (Democratic) 73.6% ▌John Carroll (Republican) 22.2%
Idaho	Mike Crapo	Republican	1998 2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Crapo (Republican)^[29] 66.1% ▌Jerry Sturgill (Democratic)^[30] 27.8% ▌Ray Writz (Constitution) 6.0%
Illinois	Mark Kirk	Republican	2010 (special) 2010	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Tammy Duckworth (Democratic) 54.9% ▌Mark Kirk (Republican) 39.8% ▌Kent McMillen (Libertarian) 3.2% ▌Scott Summers (Green) 2.1%
Indiana	Dan Coats	Republican	1989 (appointed) 1990 (special) 1992 1998 (retired) 2010	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y Todd Young (Republican)^[31] 52.1% ▌Evan Bayh (Democratic) 42.4% ▌Lucy Brenton (Libertarian) 5.5%
Iowa	Chuck Grassley	Republican	1980 1986 1992 1998 2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Chuck Grassley (Republican) 60.1% ▌Patty Judge (Democratic)^[32] 35.7% ▌John Heiderscheit (Libertarian) 2.7%
Kansas	Jerry Moran	Republican	2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Jerry Moran (Republican)^[33] 62.1% ▌Patrick Wiesner (Democratic)^[34] 32.2% ▌Robert Garrard (Libertarian) 5.5%
Kentucky	Rand Paul	Republican	2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rand Paul (Republican)^[35] 57.3% ▌Jim Gray (Democratic)^[36] 42.7%
Louisiana	David Vitter	Republican	2004 2010	Incumbent retired. Republican hold.	▌Y John Kennedy (Republican)^[37] 60.65% ▌Foster Campbell (Democratic)^[38] 39.35%
Maryland	Barbara Mikulski	Democratic	1986 1992 1998 2004 2010	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Chris Van Hollen (Democratic)^[39] 60.9% ▌Kathy Szeliga (Republican)^[40] 35.7% ▌Margaret Flowers (Green) 3.3%
Missouri	Roy Blunt	Republican	2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Roy Blunt (Republican)^[41] 49.3% ▌Jason Kander (Democratic)^[42] 46.2% ▌Jonathan Dine (Libertarian) 2.42%
Nevada	Harry Reid	Democratic	1986 1992 1998 2004 2010	Incumbent retired. Democratic hold.	▌Y Catherine Cortez Masto (Democratic) 47.1% ▌Joe Heck (Republican) 44.7%^[43] Others ▌Tom Jones (Independent American) 1.55% ▌Tony Gumina (unaffiliated) 0.97% ▌Jarrod Michael Williams (unaffiliated) 0.62%
New Hampshire	Kelly Ayotte	Republican	2010	Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain.	▌Y Maggie Hassan (Democratic) 47.97%^[44] ▌Kelly Ayotte (Republican) 47.87%^[45] ▌Brian Chabot (Libertarian) 1.70%
New York	Chuck Schumer	Democratic	1998 2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Chuck Schumer (Democratic) 70.4% ▌Wendy Long (Republican) 27.4%^[46] Others ▌Robin Wilson (Green) 1.53% ▌Alex Merced (Libertarian) 0.65%
North Carolina	Richard Burr	Republican	2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Richard Burr (Republican) 51.1%^[47] ▌Deborah Ross (Democratic) 45.3%^[48] ▌Sean Haugh (Libertarian) 3.57%
North Dakota	John Hoeven	Republican	2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Hoeven (Republican) 78.4%^[49] ▌Eliot Glassheim (Democratic-NPL) 17.0% ▌Robert Marquette (Libertarian) 3.08%
Ohio	Rob Portman	Republican	2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Rob Portman (Republican) 58.0%^[50] ▌Ted Strickland (Democratic) 37.1% ▌Joseph DeMare (Green) 1.6%
Oklahoma	James Lankford	Republican	2014 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y James Lankford (Republican) 67.7% ▌Mike Workman (Democratic) 24.5% ▌Robert Murphy (Libertarian) 3.00%
Oregon	Ron Wyden	Democratic	1996 (special) 1998 2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ron Wyden (Democratic) 56.1% ▌Mark Callahan (Republican) 33.35%^[51] Others ▌Jim Lindsay (Libertarian) 1.23% ▌Eric Navickas (Green) 2.50%
Pennsylvania	Pat Toomey	Republican	2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Pat Toomey (Republican) 48.9%^[52] ▌Katie McGinty (Democratic) 47.2%^[53] ▌Edward Clifford (Libertarian) 3.89%
South Carolina	Tim Scott	Republican	2013 (appointed) 2014 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Tim Scott (Republican) 60.5% ▌Thomas Dixon (Democratic) 37.0%^[54] ▌Bill Bledsoe (Libertarian) 1.83%
South Dakota	John Thune	Republican	2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y John Thune (Republican) 71.8%^[55] ▌Jay Williams (Democratic) 28.2%^[56]
Utah	Mike Lee	Republican	2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Mike Lee (Republican) 68.1%^[57] ▌Misty Snow (Democratic) 27.1% Others ▌Stoney Fonua (Independent American) 2.45% ▌Bill Barron (unaffiliated) 2.34%
Vermont	Patrick Leahy	Democratic	1974 1980 1986 1992 1998 2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Patrick Leahy (Democratic) 61.3%^[58] ▌Scott Milne (Republican) 33.0%^[59] ▌Cris Ericson (Marijuana) 2.86% Others ▌Jerry Trudell (unaffiliated) 1.63% ▌Peter Diamondstone (Liberty Union) 1.01%
Washington	Patty Murray	Democratic	1992 1998 2004 2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Patty Murray (Democratic) 58.83% ▌Chris Vance (Republican) 40.86%^[60]
Wisconsin	Ron Johnson	Republican	2010	Incumbent re-elected.	▌Y Ron Johnson (Republican) 50.19%^[61] ▌Russ Feingold (Democratic) 46.84%^[62] ▌Phil Anderson (Libertarian) 2.7%

Closest races

Nine races had a margin of victory under 10%:

State	Party of winner	Margin
New Hampshire	Democratic (flip)	0.14%
Pennsylvania	Republican	1.43%
Nevada	Democratic	2.43%
Missouri	Republican	2.79%
Wisconsin	Republican	3.36%^[l]
Colorado	Democratic	5.66%
North Carolina	Republican	5.70%
Florida	Republican	7.67%
Indiana	Republican	9.70%

Alabama

Incumbent Republican Richard Shelby won re-election to a sixth term in office. The primaries were held on March 1. Ron Crumpton, a marijuana legalization activist, was the Democratic nominee.^[16] Shelby won re-election with 63.9% of the vote.

Shelby was first elected to the Senate in 1986 as a Democrat and was easily re-elected in 1992 as such. He switched his party affiliation to Republican on November 9, 1994, one day after the Republicans won control of both houses in the midterm elections. He won his first full term as a Republican in 1998 by a large margin and faced no significant opposition in 2004 or 2010.

Following the divisive Republican primary in Mississippi ahead of the 2014 election in which Senator Thad Cochran was almost defeated, it had been speculated^{[by whom?]} that Shelby could also face a Tea Party primary challenger, due to his lengthy tenure and support for federal largesse. However, that did not happen, in part due to his large campaign war chest, which stood at $19.4 million as of September 2015.^[16] If Shelby had decided to retire, numerous high-profile Alabama Republicans were speculated to run, including U.S. Representatives Robert Aderholt, Mo Brooks, Bradley Byrne, Gary Palmer, Martha Roby, and Mike Rogers, State Treasurer Young Boozer, State Speaker Mike Hubbard, Lieutenant Governor Kay Ivey, State Senate President Pro Tempore Del Marsh, Secretary of State John Merrill, U.S. Appeals Court Judge William H. Pryor Jr., former governor Bob Riley, and Attorney General Luther Strange.^[63]^[64]^[65] Shelby announced in January 2015 that he would run for re-election.^[66]

Republican primary election^[67]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Richard Shelby (incumbent)	505,586	64.91
	Republican	Jonathan McConnell	214,770	27.58
	Republican	John Martin	23,558	3.02
	Republican	Marcus Bowman	19,707	2.53
	Republican	Shadrack McGill	15,230	1.96
Total votes			778,851	100.00

Democratic primary election^[67]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ron Crumpton	145,681	55.97
	Democratic	Charles Nana	114,617	44.03
Total votes			260,298	100.00

Alabama general election^[68]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Richard Shelby (incumbent)	1,335,104	63.96
	Democratic	Ron Crumpton	748,709	35.87
	Write-In	Others	3,631	0.17
Total votes			2,087,444	100.00
	Republican hold

Alaska

Two-term senator Lisa Murkowski (Republican) was appointed in 2002 and elected to a full term in 2004. She was defeated in the Republican primary in 2010 by Joe Miller. She later ran as a write-in candidate in the 2010 general election and was re-elected to a second full term with 40% of the vote, making her one of two senators in US history to win election via write-in votes. She was 59 years old in 2016. She ran for re-election.^[17]

Thomas Lamb, a candidate for the State House in 2006, and Bob Lochner filed to run against Murkowski.^[69] Other potential Republican primary challengers included 2010 nominee and 2014 candidate Joe Miller, State Senator Mike J. Dunleavy, former lieutenant governor Mead Treadwell, and former mayor of Anchorage Dan Sullivan.^[70]

The only person to file for the Democratic primary as of May 20 was writer and satirist Richard Grayson, who previously sought election to Wyoming's House seat in 2014.^[71]^[72]^[73]^[69] Potential Democratic candidates included State Senator Dennis Egan, State Representative Andy Josephson, State Senator Bill Wielechowski, State Senator Hollis French and State Senate Minority Leader Johnny Ellis.^[74] Former senator Mark Begich was mentioned as a possible candidate,^[75] but he declined to run.^[76]

Murkowski won her primary on August 16, 2016 with 72 percent of the vote. Joe Miller received the Libertarian nomination and ran against Murkowski in the general election. Anchorage attorney and veteran Margaret Stock ran as an Independent candidate.^[77]

Murkowski won re-election with 44% of the vote compared to Miller with 30% and Metcalfe with 11%. 15% went to other candidates. Murkowski has been re-elected three times now with 48% in 2004, 39.5% in 2010 and 44% in 2016, never having won a majority.

Republican primary election^[78]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Lisa Murkowski (incumbent)	39,545	71.52
	Republican	Bob Lochner	8,480	15.34
	Republican	Paul Kendall	4,272	7.73
	Republican	Thomas Lamb	2,996	5.42
Total votes			55,293	100.00

Other primary elections^[78]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ray Metcalfe	15,228	50.06
	Democratic	Edgar Blatchford	10,090	33.17
	Libertarian	Cean Stevens	5,102	16.77
Total votes			30,420	100.00

General election^[79]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Lisa Murkowski (incumbent)	138,149	44.36
	Libertarian	Joe Miller	90,825	29.16
	Independent	Margaret Stock	41,194	13.23
	Democratic	Ray Metcalfe	36,200	11.62
	Independent	Breck A. Craig	2,609	0.84
	Independent	Ted Gianoutsos	1,758	0.56
	Write-In	Other write-in votes	706	0.23
Total votes			311,441	100.00
	Republican hold

Arizona

Arizona election

← 2010

2020 (special) →


Nominee	John McCain	Ann Kirkpatrick
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,359,267	1,031,245
Percentage	53.7%	40.8%


Nominee	Gary Swing
Party	Green
Popular vote	138,634
Percentage	5.5%

McCain: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%
Kirkpatrick: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

John McCain
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John McCain
Republican

Five-term senator and Republican presidential candidate in 2008 John McCain was re-elected with 59% of the vote in 2010. He was 80 years old in 2016. Despite speculation that he might retire,^[80] McCain ran for re-election.^[18]

McCain faced primary challenges from Fair Tax activist Alex Meluskey,^{[citation needed]} businessman David Pizer,^[81] talk radio host Clair Van Steenwyk,^[82] and State Senator Kelli Ward.^[83] David Pizer later dropped out of the race. Representatives Matt Salmon and David Schweikert were both mentioned as possible candidates,^[84] but both chose not to run.^[85]^[86] Other potential Republican candidates included former Governor Jan Brewer,^[87] businesswoman and 2014 gubernatorial candidate Christine Jones,^[88] former Governor of Alaska and 2008 vice presidential candidate Sarah Palin,^[89] former U.S. Representative John Shadegg,^[90] and former Arizona attorney general Grant Woods.^[90]

Congresswoman Ann Kirkpatrick^[19] and teacher Lennie Clark^[91] ran for the Democratic nomination. Lennie Clark dropped out and Ann Kirkpatrick became the Democratic nominee. Other potential Democratic candidates included U.S. Representative Ruben Gallego, former Surgeon General and 2012 nominee Richard Carmona, 2014 gubernatorial nominee Fred DuVal, Phoenix Mayor Greg Stanton, and retired astronaut Mark Kelly, who is the husband of ex-Congresswoman Gabby Giffords.^[64]^[92]

Arizona Republican primary election^[93]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John McCain (incumbent)	302,532	51.7
	Republican	Kelli Ward	235,988	39.2
	Republican	Alex Meluskey	31,159	5.5
	Republican	Clair Van Steenwyk	21,476	3.6
	Republican	Sean Webster (Write-In)	175	0.0
Total votes			591,330	100.00

Arizona Democratic primary election^[93]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ann Kirkpatrick	333,586	99.85
	Democratic	Alex Bello (Write-In)	508	0.15
Total votes			334,094	100.00

Arizona Green primary election^[93]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Green	Gary Swing (Write-In)	238	100.00
Total votes			238	100.00

Arizona Libertarian primary election^[93]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Libertarian	Merissa Hamilton (Write-In)	1,286	100.00
Total votes			1,286	100.00

Sen. McCain won re-election with 53% to Kirkpatrick's 41%.

Arizona general election^[94]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	John McCain (incumbent)	1,359,267	53.74	−5.33%
	Democratic	Ann Kirkpatrick	1,031,245	40.77	+5.99%
	Green	Gary Swing	138,634	5.48	+4.03%
Plurality			328,022	12.97
Total votes			2,529,146	100.00
Turnout			3,588,466	74.17
	Republican hold		Swing

Arkansas

Arkansas election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	John Boozman	Conner Eldridge
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	661,984	400,602
Percentage	59.8%	36.2%

County results
Boozman: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Eldridge: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

John Boozman
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Boozman
Republican

One-term senator John Boozman (Republican) defeated two-term senator Blanche Lincoln with 58% of the vote in 2010. He was 65 years old in 2016. Despite speculation that he might retire following health problems,^[95]^[96] Boozman ran for re-election.^[20] Fellow Republican Curtis Coleman, who ran against Boozman in 2010 but came in fifth place, ran again.^[97]

Conner Eldridge, the former U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Arkansas, was the only Democrat who met the filing deadline.^[98]

Frank Gilbert was the candidate for the Libertarian Party,^[99]^[100]^[101] and Jason Tate was running a write-in campaign.^[102]

Incumbent Republican Senator John Boozman won re-election to a second term in office, becoming the first Republican senator re-elected in the history of the state.

Arkansas Republican primary election^[103]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Boozman (incumbent)	298,039	76.45
	Republican	Curtis Coleman	91,795	23.55
Total votes			389,834	100.00

Democratic primary
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Conner Eldridge	214,228	100.00
Total votes			214,228	100.00

Sen. Boozman won re-election with 60% to Eldridge's 36%.

Arkansas general election^[104]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Boozman (incumbent)	661,984	59.77
	Democratic	Conner Eldridge	400,602	36.17
	Libertarian	Frank Gilbert	43,866	3.96
	Write-ins	Others	1,070	0.10
Total votes			1,107,522	100.00
	Republican hold

California

California election

← 2010

2022 →


Candidate	Kamala Harris	Loretta Sanchez
Party	Democratic	Democratic
Popular vote	7,542,753	4,701,417
Percentage	61.6%	38.4%

Harris: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Sanchez: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Barbara Boxer
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Kamala Harris
Democratic

Four-term senator Barbara Boxer (Democrat) was re-elected with 52% of the vote in 2010. Boxer declined to run for re-election.^[105] California Attorney General Kamala Harris and U.S. Representative Loretta Sanchez, both Democrats, finished first and second, respectively,^[106] in California's nonpartisan blanket primary, and contested the general election. As such, Boxer's successor was guaranteed to be a Democrat.^[107] This marked a historic first such occasion in California, ever since the Senate elections began in 1914.

Other Democrats on the primary ballot included "President" Cristina Grappo, Massie Munroe, Herbert Peters, Emory Rogers, and Steve Stokes.^[108] Among the potential candidates who declined to run were Governor Jerry Brown, Lieutenant Governor Gavin Newsom, U.S. Representatives Xavier Becerra and Adam Schiff, and Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti.

Former state Republican Party chairs Tom Del Beccaro^[109] and Duf Sundheim,^[110] and former state senator Phil Wyman^[111]^[112] ran, along with Don Krampe,^[113] Tom Palzer,^[114] Karen Roseberry,^[115] Greg Conlon, Von Huogo, Jerry Laws, Ron Unz, Jarrell Williamson, and George Yang.^[108] State Assemblymen Rocky Chavez was running as well,^[116] but withdrew from the race.^[117] Republicans who were once considered potential candidates but ruled out runs included San Diego Mayor Kevin Faulconer, former Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Stability and 2014 gubernatorial nominee Neel Kashkari, U.S. Representative Darrell Issa, and businesswoman and nominee for the U.S. Senate in 2010 Carly Fiorina.^[118]

Independent Mike Beitiks ran on a single-issue climate change platform.^[119]

Polling conducted by the SurveyUSA from March 30, 2016 to April 3, 2016 indicated that Harris was ahead with 26%, compared to Rep. Sánchez with 22%, Del Beccaro with 8%, Wyman with 8%, and Sundheim with 3%; 7% of those polled were supporting other candidates, and 24% were undecided.^[120]

Harris won the election with 62% of the vote to Sanchez's 38%.

California Jungle primary election^[121]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Kamala Harris	3,000,689	39.9
	Democratic	Loretta Sanchez	1,416,203	18.9
	Republican	Duf Sundheim	584,251	7.8
	Republican	Phil Wyman	352,821	4.7
	Republican	Tom Del Beccaro	323,614	4.3
	Republican	Greg Conlon	230,944	3.1
	Democratic	Steve Stokes	168,805	2.2
	Republican	George C. Yang	112,055	1.5
	Republican	Karen Roseberry	110,557	1.5
	Libertarian	Gail K. Lightfoot	99,761	1.3
	Democratic	Massie Munroe	98,150	1.3
	Green	Pamela Elizondo	95,677	1.3
	Republican	Tom Palzer	93,263	1.2
	Republican	Ron Unz	92,325	1.2
	Republican	Don Krampe	69,635	0.9
	No party preference	Eleanor García	65,084	0.9
	Republican	Jarrell Williamson	64,120	0.9
	Republican	Von Hougo	63,609	0.8
	Democratic	President Cristina Grappo	63,330	0.8
	Republican	Jerry J. Laws	53,023	0.7
	Libertarian	Mark Matthew Herd	41,344	0.6
	Peace and Freedom	John Thompson Parker	35,998	0.5
	No party preference	Ling Ling Shi	35,196	0.5
	Democratic	Herbert G. Peters	32,638	0.4
	Democratic	Emory Peretz Rodgers	31,485	0.4
	No party preference	Mike Beitiks	31,450	0.4
	No party preference	Clive Grey	29,418	0.4
	No party preference	Jason Hanania	27,715	0.4
	No party preference	Paul Merritt	24,031	0.3
	No party preference	Jason Kraus	19,318	0.3
	No party preference	Don J. Grundmann	15,317	0.2
	No party preference	Scott A. Vineberg	11,843	0.2
	No party preference	Tim Gildersleeve	9,798	0.1
	No party preference	Gar Myers	8,726	0.1
	Write-In	Billy Falling	87	0.0
	Write-In	Ric M. Llewellyn	32	0.0
	Write-In	Alexis Stuart	10	0.0
Total votes			7,512,322	100.0

California general election^[122]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Kamala Harris	7,542,753	61.6
	Democratic	Loretta Sanchez	4,701,417	38.4
Total votes			12,244,170	100.0
	Democratic hold

Colorado

Colorado election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Michael Bennet	Darryl Glenn
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,370,710	1,215,318
Percentage	50.0%	44.3%

Bennet: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Glenn: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Michael Bennet
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Michael Bennet
Democratic

One-term senator Michael Bennet (Democrat) was appointed in 2009 and elected to a full term with 48% of the vote in 2010. He was 51 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.^[21]

Businessman Robert Blaha,^[123] former Aurora councilman Ryan Frazier,^[124] El Paso County Commissioners Darryl Glenn,^[22] and Peggy Littleton,^[125] former Colorado State University Athletic Director Jack Graham,^[126] State Representative Jon Keyser,^[127] former SBA director Greg Lopez,^[128] State Senator Tim Neville,^[129] and Jefferson County Commissioner Donald Rosier^[130]^[131] ran for the Republican nomination. Glenn, Graham, Blaha, Keyser, and Frazier actually competed in the primary.^[132]

Darryl Glenn won the Republican nomination with 37% of the vote against four other opponents.^[132]

Bennet won re-election with 50% of the vote to Glenn's 44%.

Colorado Democratic primary election^[133]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Michael Bennet (incumbent)	262,344	100.00
Total votes			262,344	100.00

Colorado Republican primary election^[133]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Darryl Glenn	131,125	37.74
	Republican	Jack Graham	85,400	24.58
	Republican	Robert Blaha	57,196	16.46
	Republican	Jon Keyser	43,509	12.52
	Republican	Ryan Frazier	30,241	8.70
Total votes			347,471	100.00

Colorado general election^[134]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Michael Bennet (incumbent)	1,370,710	49.97
	Republican	Darryl Glenn	1,215,318	44.31
	Libertarian	Lily Tang Williams	99,277	3.62
	Green	Arn Menconi	36,805	1.34
	Unity	Bill Hammons	9,336	0.34
	Independent	Dan Chapin	8,361	0.30
	Independent	Paul Fiorino	3,216	0.12
Total votes			2,743,023	100.00
	Democratic hold

Connecticut

Connecticut election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Richard Blumenthal	Dan Carter
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,008,714	552,621
Percentage	63.2%	34.6%

Blumenthal: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Carter: 40–50% 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Richard Blumenthal
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Richard Blumenthal
Democratic

One-term senator Richard Blumenthal (Democrat) was elected with 55% of the vote in 2010. He was 70 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.^[23]

State Representative Dan Carter,^[24] apparel company CEO and 2004 Senate nominee Jack Orchulli,^[135] and former Olympic athlete August Wolf^[136] ran for the Republican nomination. Another potential candidate was former West Hartford Town Councilor Joe Visconti, who ran for CT-01 in 2008 and ran as an independent for governor in 2014.^[137] Former U.S. Comptroller General and 2014 candidate for Lieutenant Governor David M. Walker,^[138]^[139] former U.S. Representative and 2010 candidate Rob Simmons,^[140] and economist and former CNBC television host Lawrence Kudlow declined to run.^[141]^[142]

Blumenthal won re-election with 63% of the vote to Carter's 35%.

Connecticut general election^[143]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Richard Blumenthal	920,766	57.68
	Working Families	Richard Blumenthal	87,948	5.51
	Total	Richard Blumenthal (incumbent)	1,008,714	63.19%	+7.95%
	Republican	Dan Carter	552,621	34.62	−8.53%
	Libertarian	Richard Lion	18,190	1.14
	Green	Jeffery Russell	16,713	1.05
	Write-In	Andrew Rule	26	0.00
	Write-In	John M. Traceski	12	0.00
Majority			449,973	28.42
Total votes			1,596,276	100.00
	Democratic hold

Florida

Florida election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Marco Rubio	Patrick Murphy
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	4,835,191	4,122,088
Percentage	52.0%	44.3%

Rubio: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Murphy: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Marco Rubio
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Marco Rubio
Republican

One-term senator Marco Rubio (Republican) was elected in a three-way race with 49% of the vote in 2010. In April 2014, Rubio stated that he would not run for both the Senate and President in 2016, as Florida law prohibits a candidate from appearing twice on a ballot.^[144] In April 2015, he announced that he would run for President and would not seek re-election.^[145] After suspending his campaign on March 15, 2016, Rubio announced on June 22, 2016 that he had changed his mind and would run for re-election.^[25]

U.S. Representative Ron DeSantis, combat veteran Todd Wilcox,^[146] real estate developer Carlos Beruff,^[147] retired college lecturer Ilya Katz,^[148] and Donald J. DeRenzo ran for the Republican nomination.^[149]^[150] Ben Carson, retired neurosurgeon and candidate for President in 2016, was also mentioned as a potential candidate.^[151] On June 17, 2016, U.S. Representative David Jolly withdrew from the race to run for re-election to his House seat, four days after Rubio began openly considering reversing his decision to not run for re-election.^[152]

U.S. Representative Patrick Murphy^[26] defeated fellow representative Alan Grayson, as well as Pam Keith, Lateresa Jones, Richard Coleman, Sam Brian Gibbons, and Josh Larose, for the Democratic nomination. Murphy lost to incumbent Marco Rubio in the November general election on November 8.^[153]

Sen. Rubio won re-election with 52% of the vote compared to Murphy's 44%.

Florida Republican primary election^[154]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Marco Rubio (incumbent)	1,029,830	71.99
	Republican	Carlos Beruff	264,427	18.49
	Republican	Dwight Young	91,082	6.37
	Republican	Ernie Rivera	45,153	3.16
Total votes			1,430,492	100.00

Florida Democratic primary election^[154]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Patrick Murphy	665,985	58.92
	Democratic	Alan Grayson	199,929	17.72
	Democratic	Pam Keith	173,919	15.40
	Democratic	Rocky De La Fuente	60,810	5.38
	Democratic	Reginald Luster	29,138	2.58
Total votes			1,129,781	100.00

United States Senate election in Florida, 2016 ^[155]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Marco Rubio (incumbent)	4,835,191	51.98%	+3.09%
	Democratic	Patrick Murphy	4,122,088	44.31%	+24.11%
	Libertarian	Paul Stanton	196,956	2.12%	+1.66%
	Independent	Bruce Nathan	52,451	0.56%	N/A
	Independent	Tony Khoury	45,820	0.49%	N/A
	Independent	Steven Machat	26,918	0.29%	N/A
	Independent	Basil E. Dalack	22,236	0.24%	N/A
	Write-in		160	0.00%	0.00%
Total votes			9,301,820	100.00%	N/A
	Republican hold

Georgia

Georgia election

← 2010

2020–21 (special) →


Nominee	Johnny Isakson	Jim Barksdale
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	2,135,806	1,599,726
Percentage	54.8%	41.0%

Isakson: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Barksdale: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Johnny Isakson
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Johnny Isakson
Republican

Two-term senator Johnny Isakson (Republican) was re-elected with 58% of the vote in 2010. He was 71 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.^[27] In 2015, Isakson announced he was being treated for Parkinson's disease, but stated that his treatment would not interfere with his re-election campaign or his ability to serve another term.^[156]

Mary Kay Bacallao, college professor, former Fayette County Board of Education member, and candidate for State Superintendent of Schools in 2014^[157] and Derrick Grayson, candidate for the state's other Senate seat in 2014,^[158] challenged Isakson for the Republican nomination. Isakson won the Republican nomination with more than three quarters of the vote.^[159]

Investment firm executive Jim Barksdale,^[28] project manager Cheryl Copeland,^[160] and businessman John Coyne^[161] ran for the Democratic nomination. USAF veteran Jim Knox was running but dropped out of the race.^[162] Barksdale defeated Copeland in a close race to win the Democratic nomination.^[159]

Sen. Isakson won re-election with 55% to Barksdale's 41%.

Georgia Republican primary election^[163]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Johnny Isakson (incumbent)	447,661	77.50
	Republican	Derrick Grayson	69,101	11.96
	Republican	Mary Kay Bacallao	60,898	10.54
Total votes			577,660	100.00

Georgia Democratic primary election^[163]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Jim Barksdale	166,627	53.74
	Democratic	Cheryl Copeland	130,822	42.19
	Democratic	John Coyne	12,604	4.07
Total votes			310,053	100.00

Georgia general election^[164]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Johnny Isakson (incumbent)	2,135,806	54.80
	Democratic	Jim Barksdale	1,599,726	41.04
	Libertarian	Allen Buckley	162,260	4.16
Total votes			3,897,792	100.00
	Republican hold

Hawaii

Hawaii election

← 2014

2022 →


Nominee	Brian Schatz	John Carroll
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	306,604	92,653
Percentage	73.6%	22.2%

County results
Schatz: 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Brian Schatz
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Brian Schatz
Democratic

In 2012, Hawaii Governor Neil Abercrombie appointed Lieutenant Governor Brian Schatz (Democrat) to take the place of deceased nine-term senator Daniel Inouye. Schatz won a 2014 special election to serve the remainder of Inouye's term. Schatz ran for re-election.^[23]

Former U.S. Representative and 2014 Senate candidate Colleen Hanabusa considered challenging Schatz in the primary again,^[165] while U.S. Representative Tulsi Gabbard declined to seek the Democratic nomination for the seat.^[166]

Charles Collins, a Republican who ran for the Senate in 2012 and for governor in 2014, was seeking the nomination again,^[167] but withdrew from the race.^[168]

Sen. Schatz won re-election with 74% of the vote compared to Carroll's 22%.

Hawaii Democratic primary election^[169]^[170]^[171]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Brian Schatz (incumbent)	162,891	86.17
	Democratic	Makani Christensen	11,898	6.29
	Democratic	Miles Shiratori	8,620	4.56
	Democratic	Arturo Reyes	3,819	2.02
	Democratic	Tutz Honeychurch	1,815	0.96
Total votes			189,043	100.00

Hawaii Constitution primary election^[169]^[170]^[171]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Constitution	Joy Allison	217	100.00
Total votes			217	100.00

Hawaii American Shopping primary election^[169]^[170]^[171]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Independent	John Giuffre	111	100.00
Total votes			111	100.00

Hawaii general election^[172]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Brian Schatz (incumbent)	306,604	70.1	N/A
	Republican	John Carroll	92,653	21.2	N/A
	Constitution	Joy Allison	9,103	2.1	N/A
	Libertarian	Michael Kokowski	6,809	1.6	N/A
	Independent	John Giuffre	1,393	0.3
		Blank votes	20,763	4.7
		Over votes	339	0.0
Majority			213,951	48.88
Total votes			437,664	100.0
	Democratic hold		Swing

Idaho

Idaho election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Mike Crapo	Jerry Sturgill
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	449,017	188,249
Percentage	66.1%	27.7%


Nominee	Ray Writz
Party	Constitution
Popular vote	41,677
Percentage	6.1%

Crapo: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Sturgill: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Mike Crapo
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Mike Crapo
Republican

Three-term senator Mike Crapo (Republican) was re-elected with 71% of the vote in 2010. Crapo was 65 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.^[29] U.S Representative Raul Labrador declined to challenge Crapo in the Republican primary.^[173]^[174]

Jerry Sturgill ran for the Democratic nomination.^[30]

Perennial candidate Pro-Life ran as an independent.^[175]^[176] He was defeated in the Constitution Party primary on May 17, 2016 to Ray J. Writz.^[177]

Sen. Crapo was re-elected.

Idaho Republican primary election^[177]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Mike Crapo (incumbent)	119,633	100.00
Total votes			119,633	100.00

Idaho Democratic primary election^[177]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Jerry Sturgill	26,471	100.00
Total votes			26,471	100.00

Idaho Constitution primary election^[177]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Constitution	Ray J. Writz	131	59.5
	Constitution	Pro-Life	89	40.5
Total votes			220	100.0

Idaho general election^[178]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Mike Crapo (incumbent)	449,017	66.13	−5.06%
	Democratic	Jerry Sturgill	188,249	27.73	+2.80%
	Constitution	Ray J. Writz	41,677	6.14	+2.26%
Majority			260,768	38.40	−7.84%
Total votes			678,943	100.0	+51.06%
	Republican hold		Swing

Illinois

Illinois election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Tammy Duckworth	Mark Kirk
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	3,012,940	2,184,693
Percentage	54.9%	39.8%

Duckworth:
40-50% 50–60% 70–80%
Kirk:
40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Mark Kirk
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Tammy Duckworth
Democratic

One-term senator Mark Kirk (Republican) was elected with 48% of the vote in 2010. He was 57 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election. Kirk suffered a stroke in January 2012 that kept him away from the Senate until January 2013.^[179] In June 2013, he confirmed that he was planning to run for re-election,^[180] but speculation he might retire persisted.^[181] In November 2014, Kirk reiterated that he was going to run for re-election, saying: "No frickin' way am I retiring."^[182]

Joe Walsh, a former U.S. Representative and conservative talk radio host, declined to challenge Kirk in the Republican primary.^[183] Two others filed for the right to challenge Senator Kirk in the primary: businessman James Marter,^[184] and Elizabeth Pahlke,^[185] but Pahlke was disqualified, so only Marter was on the ballot running against Kirk.^[186] On March 15, Kirk won the primary with 71% of the vote.^[187]

U.S. Representative Tammy Duckworth,^[188] President and CEO of the Chicago Urban League, Andrea Zopp,^[189] and State Senator Napoleon Harris ran for the Democratic nomination.^[190]^[191] On March 15, Duckworth won the primary with 64% of the vote.^[187]

In December 2015, Jim Brown, a teacher and former businessman, announced he was running as an independent.^[192]

Chris Aguayo, an Iraq/Afghan War veteran and Veterans Party State Chair, announced he was running, representing the Veterans Party.^[193]

Rep. Duckworth unseated Sen. Kirk with 55% compared to his 40%.

Illinois Republican primary election^[194]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Mark Kirk (incumbent)	931,619	70.6	+14.0%
	Republican	James T. Marter	388,571	29.4	N/A
Majority			543,048	41.2	+3.9%
Turnout			1,320,191		+77.9%

Illinois Democratic primary election^[194]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Tammy Duckworth	1,220,128	64.38
	Democratic	Andrea Zopp	455,729	24.05
	Democratic	Napoleon Harris	219,286	11.57
Total votes			1,859,257	100.00

Illinois general election^[195]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Tammy Duckworth	3,012,940	54.9	+8.5%
	Republican	Mark Kirk (incumbent)	2,184,692	39.8	−8.2%
	Libertarian	Kenton McMillen	175,988	3.2	+0.8%
	Green	Scott Summers	117,619	2.1	−1.1%
	Write-In	Chad Koppie	408	.007	N/A
	Write-In	Jim Brown	106	.002	N/A
	Write-In	Christopher Aguayo	77	.001	N/A
	Write-In	Susana Sandoval	42	.0008	N/A
	Write-In	Eric Kufi James Stewart	5	.00009	N/A
	Write-In	Patricia Beard	1	.00002	N/A
Majority			828,248	15.1	+13.5%
Turnout			5,491,878		+48.2%
	Democratic gain from Republican		Swing

Indiana

Indiana election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Todd Young	Evan Bayh
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,423,991	1,158,974
Percentage	52.1%	42.4%


Nominee	Lucy Brenton
Party	Libertarian
Popular vote	149,481
Percentage	5.5%

Young: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Bayh: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Dan Coats
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Todd Young
Republican

Three-term senator Dan Coats (Republican) was elected with 55% of the vote in 2010; Coats served in the Senate from 1989 to 1999 and then returned to serve another term from 2011 to 2017. Coats did not run for re-election.^[196] Republican candidates included U.S. Representatives Marlin Stutzman^[197] and Todd Young.^[31] Coats's chief of Staff Eric Holcomb was a candidate, but withdrew from the race.^[198]^[199]

Former U.S. Representative Baron Hill won the Democratic nomination on May 3, but withdrew in July 2016 in favor of Evan Bayh.^[200] Bayh held the seat from 1999 until his retirement in 2011, and also served as Governor of Indiana from 1989 to 1997. Former non-profit director John Dickerson also announced he was going to run, but suspended his campaign in early 2016.^[201]^[202]

Former Sen. Bayh lost his bid to regain his seat to Rep. Young, who garnered 52% to Bayh's 42%.

Indiana Republican primary election^[203]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Todd Young	661,136	67.0
	Republican	Marlin Stutzman	324,429	33.0
Total votes			985,565	100.0

Indiana Democratic primary election^[203]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Baron Hill	516,183	100.00
Total votes			516,183	100.00

Indiana general election^[204]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Todd Young	1,423,991	52.11
	Democratic	Evan Bayh	1,158,947	42.41
	Libertarian	Lucy Brenton	149,481	5.47
	Write-in	James L. Johnson Jr.	127	0.01
Majority			265,044	9.70
Total votes			2,732,573	100.00
	Republican hold

Iowa

Iowa election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Chuck Grassley	Patty Judge
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	926,007	549,460
Percentage	60.1%	35.7%

Grassley: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Judge: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Chuck Grassley
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Chuck Grassley
Republican

Six-term senator Chuck Grassley was re-elected with 65% of the vote in 2010. He was 83 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.^[205]^[206] Talk radio host Robert Rees announced he was going to challenge Grassley for the nomination,^[207] but later withdrew.^[208]

Former Lt Governor Patty Judge^[32] earned the Democratic nomination by defeating State Senator Rob Hogg,^[209] former state Senator Tom Fiegen,^[210] and former state representative Bob Krause.^[211] Former state representative Ray Zirkelbach^[212] briefly ran but ended his campaign soon after.

Sen. Grassley won re-election with 60% to Judge's 36%.

Iowa Republican primary election^[213]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Chuck Grassley (incumbent)	90,089	98.36
	Republican	Write-ins	1,500	1.64
Total votes			91,589	100.00

Iowa Democratic primary election^[213]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Patty Judge	46,322	47.62
	Democratic	Rob Hogg	37,801	38.86
	Democratic	Tom Fiegen	6,573	6.76
	Democratic	Bob Krause	6,425	6.60
	Democratic	Write-ins	154	0.16
Total votes			97,275	100.00

Iowa general election^[214]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Chuck Grassley (incumbent)	926,007	60.09	−4.26%
	Democratic	Patty Judge	549,460	35.66	+2.36%
	Libertarian	John Heiderscheit	41,794	2.71	+0.44%
	Independent	Jim Hennager	17,649	1.15	N/A
	Independent	Michael Luick-Thrams	4,441	0.29	N/A
	Write-ins		1,685	0.11	+0.03%
Majority			376,547	24.43	−6.62%
Turnout			1,541,036
	Republican hold		Swing

Kansas

Kansas election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Jerry Moran	Patrick Wiesner
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	732,376	379,740
Percentage	62.2%	32.2%


Nominee	Robert Garrard
Party	Libertarian
Popular vote	65,760
Percentage	5.6%

Moran: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Wiesner: 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Jerry Moran
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Jerry Moran
Republican

One-term senator Jerry Moran (Republican) was elected with 70% of the vote in 2010. He was 62 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.^[33] Radiologist and 2014 Senate candidate Milton R. Wolf and U.S. Representative Tim Huelskamp declined to run.^[33]^[64]^[215]^[216]

Patrick Wiesner,^[34] an attorney and a candidate for the Senate in 2010 and 2014, defeated Monique Singh-Bey^[217] for the Democratic nomination. Potential candidates who declined to run included Wichita Mayor Carl Brewer, 2014 Governor nominee Paul Davis, former Kansas City Mayor Joe Reardon, former U.S. Representative and 2008 nominee Jim Slattery, and 2014 KS-02 nominee Margie Wakefield.^[64]

Sen. Moran won re-election with 62% to Wiesner's 32%.

Republican primary results^[218]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Jerry Moran (incumbent)	230,907	79.09
	Republican	D.J. Smith	61,056	20.91
Total votes			291,963	100.00

Democratic primary results^[218]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Patrick Wiesner	59,522	62.94
	Democratic	Monique Singh-Bey	35,042	37.06
Total votes			94,564	100.00

Libertarian primary
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Libertarian	Robert Garrard		100.00
Total votes				100.00

Kansas general election^[219]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Jerry Moran (incumbent)	732,376	62.18	−8.16%
	Democratic	Patrick Wiesner	379,740	32.24	+6.08%
	Libertarian	Robert D. Garrard	65,760	5.58	+3.46%
	Independent	DJ Smith	46	0.00	N/A
Majority			352,636	29.94
Total votes			1,177,922	100.00
	Republican hold		Swing

Kentucky

Kentucky election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Rand Paul	Jim Gray
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,090,177	813,246
Percentage	57.3%	42.7%

Paul: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Gray: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Rand Paul
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Rand Paul
Republican

One-term senator Rand Paul (Republican) was elected with 56% of the vote in 2010. He was 53 years old in 2016. Paul filed for re-election,^[35] although he was also running for President of the United States in 2016.^[220] Although Kentucky law did not allow for a candidate to appear twice on the same ballot, Paul successfully convinced the Kentucky GOP to adopt a caucus system for 2016, allowing Paul to run for president and for the Senate simultaneously.^[221] Kentucky law still bars Paul from appearing twice on the ballot in the general election.^[221] However, on February 3, 2016, Paul ended his campaign for the presidency and ran for reelection.^[222] James Gould and Stephen Slaughter filed to run against Paul.^[223] Paul won the Republican primary, receiving 169,180 votes (about 85%); James R. Gould received 16,611 (about 8%) and Stephen Howard Slaughter received 13,728 (about 7%).^[224]

Lexington Mayor Jim Gray,^[36] Rory Houlihan,^[225] Ron Leach,^[226] Sellus Wilder^[227] Jeff Kender, Tom Recktenwald (who was a candidate in 2014), and Grant Short ran for the Democratic nomination.^[223] Gray won the nomination.

Paul won re-election with 57% of the vote to Gray's 43%.

Kentucky Republican primary election^[228]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Rand Paul (incumbent)	169,180	84.79
	Republican	James Gould	16,611	8.33
	Republican	Stephen Slaughter	13,728	6.88
Total votes			199,519	100.00

Kentucky Democratic primary election^[228]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Jim Gray	240,613	58.73
	Democratic	Sellus Wilder	52,728	12.87
	Democratic	Ron Leach	39,026	9.53
	Democratic	Tom Recktenwald	21,910	5.35
	Democratic	Grant Short	21,558	5.26
	Democratic	Jeff Kender	20,239	4.94
	Democratic	Rory Houlihan	13,585	3.32
Total votes			409,659	100.00

Kentucky general election^[229]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Rand Paul (incumbent)	1,090,177	57.27	+1.58%
	Democratic	Jim Gray	813,246	42.73	−1.53%
	Write-ins		42	0.00	N/A
Majority			276,931	14.55
Total votes			1,903,465	100.00
	Republican hold		Swing

Louisiana

Louisiana election

← 2010

November 8 and December 10, 2016

2022 →


Nominee	John Kennedy	Foster Campbell
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	536,191	347,816
Percentage	60.7%	39.3%

Kennedy: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Campbell: 50–60% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

David Vitter
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Kennedy
Republican

Two-term senator David Vitter (Republican) was re-elected with 57% of the vote in 2010. After losing the 2015 gubernatorial race, Vitter chose to retire from the Senate at the end of his term.^[23]^[230]

Republicans who ran for the seat included U.S. Representatives Charles Boustany^[231] and John Fleming,^[232] former U.S. Representative Joseph Cao,^[233] State Treasurer John Kennedy,^[37] retired U.S. Air Force Colonel Rob Maness,^[234] and former Louisiana state representative David Duke. Other potential Republican candidates included Public Service Commissioner Erik Skrmetta,^[235] 2014 candidate for LA-05 Zach Dasher,^[235] state representative Paul Hollis,^[236] and former president of Jefferson Parish John Young.^[237]

Democratic candidates included Public Service Commissioner Foster Campbell,^[38] attorney Derrick Edwards,^[238] Caroline Fayard, an attorney and candidate for lieutenant governor in 2010,^[239] and businessman Josh Pellerin.^[240] Other potential Democratic candidates included state legislators Robert Johnson, Eric LaFleur, and Gary Smith Jr., and Mayor of Alexandria Jacques Roy.^[241]^[242]^[243] Former U.S. Senator Mary Landrieu and her brother, New Orleans Mayor Mitch Landrieu, declined to run.^[244]

As no candidate won a majority of the vote in the "jungle primary", a runoff election was held on December 10 to choose between Kennedy and Campbell (the 2 candidates with the most votes in the primary).^[245] John Kennedy was declared the winner of the runoff election with 61% of the vote to Campbell's 39%.

Louisiana general election^[246]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	John Kennedy	536,191	60.65	+4.09%
	Democratic	Foster Campbell	347,816	39.35	+1.68%
Majority			188,375	21.30
Total votes			884,007	100.00
	Republican hold		Swing

Maryland

Maryland election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Chris Van Hollen	Kathy Szeliga
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,659,907	972,557
Percentage	60.9%	35.7%

Van Hollen: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Szeliga: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Barbara Mikulski
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Chris Van Hollen
Democratic

Five-term U.S. Senator Barbara Mikulski of the Democratic Party was re-elected with 62% of the vote in 2010. She is the longest-serving female senator and the longest-serving woman in the history of the U.S. Congress. She did not seek re-election.^[247]

The candidates who filed for the Democratic nomination were U.S. Representatives Donna Edwards^[248] and Chris Van Hollen,^[39] Freddie Donald Dickson Jr., Ralph Jaffe, Theresa Scaldaferri, Charles Smith, Violate Staley, Blaine Taylor, Ed Tinus, and Lih Young.^[249] Van Hollen won the April 26 primary.

The Republican candidates who filed were former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense and Senate candidate in 2012 Richard Douglas,^[250] Chrys Kefalas,^[251] State Delegate Kathy Szeliga,^[40] Chris Chaffee, Sean Connor, John Graziani, Greg Holmes, Joseph David Hooe, Mark McNicholas, Lynn Richardson, Anthony Seda, Richard Shawver, Dave Walle, and Garry T. Yarrington.^[249] Szeliga won the primary to face Van Hollen in the general election.

Rep. Van Hollen won election to the Senate with 61% of the vote to Szeliga's 36%.

Maryland Democratic primary election^[252]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Chris Van Hollen	470,320	53.2
	Democratic	Donna Edwards	343,620	38.9
	Democratic	Freddie Dickson	14,856	1.7
	Democratic	Theresa Scaldaferri	13,178	1.5
	Democratic	Violet Staley	10,244	1.2
	Democratic	Lih Young	8,561	1.0
	Democratic	Charles Smith	7,912	0.9
	Democratic	Ralph Jaffe	7,161	0.8
	Democratic	Blaine Taylor	5,932	0.7
	Democratic	Ed Tinus	2,560	0.3
Total votes			884,344	100.00

Maryland Republican primary election^[252]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Kathy Szeliga	135,337	35.6
	Republican	Chris Chaffee	52,066	13.7
	Republican	Chrys Kefalas	36,340	9.6
	Republican	Richard Douglas	29,007	7.6
	Republican	Dave Wallace	23,226	6.1
	Republican	Sean Connor	21,727	5.7
	Republican	Lynn Richardson	20,792	5.5
	Republican	John Graziani	16,722	4.4
	Republican	Greg Holmes	16,148	4.3
	Republican	Mark McNicholas	9,988	2.6
	Republican	Joe Hooe	8,282	2.2
	Republican	Anthony Seda	3,873	1.0
	Republican	Richard Shawver	3,155	0.8
	Republican	Garry Yarrington	2,988	0.8
Total votes			379,651	100.00

Maryland Green primary election^[253]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Green	Margaret Flowers	125	98.0
	Green	None of the above	3	2.0
Total votes			128	100.00

Maryland general election^[254]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Chris Van Hollen	1,659,907	60.89	−1.30%
	Republican	Kathy Szeliga	972,557	35.67	−0.08%
	Green	Margaret Flowers	89,970	3.30	+2.06%
	Write-ins		3,736	0.14	+0.03%
Majority			687,350	25.21
Total votes			2,726,170	100.00
	Democratic hold		Swing

Missouri

Missouri election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Roy Blunt	Jason Kander
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,378,458	1,300,200
Percentage	49.18%	46.39%

Blunt: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Kander: 40–50% 50–60% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Roy Blunt
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Roy Blunt
Republican

One-term senator Roy Blunt (Republican) was elected with 54% of the vote in 2010. He was 66 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.^[41] Former U.S. Representative and 2012 Senate nominee Todd Akin was rumored to be a possible candidate, but declined to run.^[255]^[256] Three candidates ran against Blunt for the Republican nomination, the best-known being sales manager, Tea Party activist, and 2010 candidate Kristin Nichols, but Blunt won decisively with 72% of the vote.

For the Democrats, Secretary of State Jason Kander^[42] easily won the nomination, defeating Robert Mack, Pastor Cori Bush,^[257]^[258] and activist Chief Wana Dubie.^[259] Governor Jay Nixon and State Treasurer Clint Zweifel chose not to seek election to the Senate.^[260]^[261]

Sen. Blunt won re-election with 49% of the vote to Kander's 46%.

Missouri Republican primary election^[262]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Roy Blunt (incumbent)	481,444	72.55
	Republican	Kristi Nichols	134,025	20.20
	Republican	Ryan Luethy	29,328	4.42
	Republican	Bernie Mowinski	18,789	2.83
Total votes			663,586	100.00

Missouri Democratic primary election^[262]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Jason Kander	223,492	69.87
	Democratic	Cori Bush	42,453	13.27
	Democratic	Chief Wana Dubie	30,432	9.51
	Democratic	Robert Mack	23,509	7.35
Total votes			319,886	100.00

Missouri Libertarian primary election^[262]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Libertarian	Jonathan Dine	2,002	54.90
	Libertarian	Herschel Young	1,642	45.06
Total votes			3,644	100.00

Missouri Constitution primary election^[262]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Constitution	Fred Ryman	545	100.00
Total votes			545	100.00

Missouri general election^[263]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Roy Blunt (incumbent)	1,378,458	49.18	−5.05%
	Democratic	Jason Kander	1,300,200	46.39	+5.76%
	Libertarian	Jonathan Dine	67,738	2.42	−0.60%
	Green	Johnathan McFarland	30,743	1.10	N/A
	Constitution	Fred Ryman	25,407	0.91	−1.22%
		Write-ins	95	0.03	N/A
Plurality			78,258	2.79
Total votes			2,802,641	100.00
	Republican hold

Nevada

Nevada election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Catherine Cortez Masto	Joe Heck
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	521,994	495,079
Percentage	47.1%	44.7%

Cortez Masto: 50–60%
Heck: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Harry Reid
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Catherine Cortez Masto
Democratic

Five-term senator and Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid (Democrat) was re-elected with 50% of the vote in 2010. Reid did not seek re-election.^[264] Former Nevada Attorney General Catherine Cortez Masto earned the Democratic nomination, defeating Bobby Mahendra, Liddo Susan O'Briant, and Allen Rheinhart in the primary on June 14, 2016.

Congressman Joe Heck^[43] defeated eight candidates, including 2010 nominee Sharron Angle,^[265] who ran against Reid in 2010, for the Republican nomination.

Jarrod M. Williams, an independent candidate ran for the seat. He describes himself as a Democratic Socialist, a supporter of Bernie Sanders, and a member of the Socialist Party USA, although the party does not have a chapter in the State of Nevada.^{[citation needed]} Cortez Masto was elected with 47.1% of the vote to Heck's 44.7%.

Democratic primary
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Catherine Cortez Masto	81,944	81.0
	Democratic	Allen Rheinhart	5,645	6.0
	Democratic	None of these candidates	5,498	5.0
	Democratic	Liddo Susan O'Briant	4,834	5.0
	Democratic	Bobby Mahendra	3,760	3.0
Total votes			101,681	100.0

Republican primary
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Joe Heck	74,517	65.0
	Republican	Sharron Angle	26,142	23.0
	Republican	None of these candidates	3,902	3.0
	Republican	Thomas Heck	3,570	3.0
	Republican	Eddie Hamilton	2,507	2.0
	Republican	D'Nese Davis	1,937	1.8
	Republican	Bill Tarbell	1,179	1.0
	Republican	Robert Leeds	662	0.6
	Republican	Juston Preble	582	0.5
	Republican	Carlo Poliak	279	0.2
Total votes			114,827	100.0

Nevada general election^[266]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Catherine Cortez Masto	521,994	47.10	−3.19%
	Republican	Joe Heck	495,079	44.67	+0.12%
	None of These Candidates	–	42,257	3.81	+1.56%
	Independent American Party (Nevada)	Tom Jones	17,128	1.55	+1.11%
	Independent	Tony Guinta	10,740	0.97	N/A
	Independent	Jarrod Williams	6,888	0.62	N/A
Plurality			26,231	2.37
Total votes			1,108,294	100.00	+53.64%
	Democratic hold		Swing	Democratic hold

New Hampshire

New Hampshire election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Maggie Hassan	Kelly Ayotte
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	354,649	353,632
Percentage	48.0%	47.8%

Hassan:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%      >90%
Ayotte:      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%
Tie:      50–60%
No votes:

U.S. senator before election

Kelly Ayotte
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Maggie Hassan
Democratic

One-term senator Kelly Ayotte (Republican) was elected with 60% of the vote in 2010. She was 48 years old in 2016. Ayotte ran for re-election.^[45] Jim Rubens, a former state senator, candidate for governor in 1998 and for the Senate in 2014, announced a challenge to Ayotte in the primary,^[267]^[268] but Ayotte won the nomination.

Brian Chabot was the Libertarian candidate for US Senate in 2016. He was a relative newcomer to politics, having run for US Senate in 2010 and US Representative in 2014.

Governor Maggie Hassan ran for the Democratic nomination.^[44] Other potential candidates included Executive Councilor Chris Pappas, state senators Dan Feltes and Donna Soucy, Portsmouth City Councilor and daughter of U.S. Senator Jeanne Shaheen Stefany Shaheen, and campaign manager for Senator Shaheen Mike Vlacich.^[269]

A series of polls taken by WMUR/UNH in February, April, and July 2016, as well as WBUR polls taken in May and July/August, showed Hassan gaining support over time and subsequently leading Ayotte.

Gov. Hassan won a very close election, 353,978 or 47.97%, to Sen. Ayotte's 353,262 or 47.87%, a difference of 716 votes. Sen. Ayotte conceded the race to Gov. Hassan around noon Wednesday November 9, 2016.

New Hampshire Republican primary election^[270]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Kelly Ayotte (incumbent)	86,558	78.55
	Republican	Jim Rubens	19,139	17.37
	Republican	Tom Alciere	1,586	1.44
	Republican	Gerald Beloin	1,252	1.14
	Republican	Stanley Emanuel	1,187	1.08
	Democratic	Maggie Hassan (write-in)	301	0.27
		Scatter	167	0.15
Total votes			110,190	100.00

New Hampshire general election^[271]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Maggie Hassan	354,649	47.98	+11.28%
	Republican	Kelly Ayotte (incumbent)	353,632	47.84	−12.28%
	Independent	Aaron Day	17,742	2.40	N/A
	Libertarian	Brian Chabot	12,597	1.70	+0.65%
Plurality			1,017	0.14
Turnout			738,620	100.00
	Democratic gain from Republican		Swing

New York

New York election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Chuck Schumer	Wendy Long
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	5,221,945	2,009,355
Percentage	70.6%	27.2%

Schumer: 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90% >90%
Long: 50-60%

U.S. senator before election

Chuck Schumer
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Chuck Schumer
Democratic

Three-term senator Chuck Schumer (Democrat) was re-elected with 66% of the vote in 2010. He was 66 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.^[23] Schumer had been elected leader of the Senate Democrats on November 16, 2016, succeeding Harry Reid.^[272]^[273]

Wendy Long, the Republican nominee in 2012, ran as the nominee of Republican, Conservative, and Reform Parties.^[46] Other potential Republican candidates included U.S. Representatives Chris Gibson and Peter T. King.^[274] U.S. Representative Richard L. Hanna, Manhattan Republican Party Chairwoman Adele Malpass, and former CNBC television host Larry Kudlow^[275] were also mentioned as possible candidates, but all declined to run.^[274]^[276]

Robin Laverne Wilson, the Green Party of New York nominee, received 1.5% of the vote.^[277] Alex Merced, the Libertarian Party candidate,^[278] received 0.7% of the vote.^[277]

New York general election^[279]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Chuck Schumer	4,784,218	61.34	N/A
	Working Families	Chuck Schumer	241,672	3.10	N/A
	Independence	Chuck Schumer	150,654	1.93	N/A
	Women's Equality	Chuck Schumer	45,401	0.58	N/A
	Total	Chuck Schumer (incumbent)	5,221,945	70.64%	+2.97%
	Republican	Wendy Long	1,723,920	22.10	N/A
	Conservative	Wendy Long	267,622	3.43	N/A
	Reform	Wendy Long	17,813	0.23	N/A
	Total	Wendy Long	2,009,335	27.18	−0.58%
	Green	Robin Laverne Wilson	113,413	1.45	+0.45%
	Libertarian	Alex Merced	48,120	0.62	+0.02%
	None	Blank/Void/Scattering	407,786	5.22	N/A
Total votes			7,800,619	100.00
	Democratic hold		Swing

North Carolina

North Carolina election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Richard Burr	Deborah K. Ross
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	2,395,376	2,128,165
Percentage	51.1%	45.4%

Burr: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Ross: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Richard Burr
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Richard Burr
Republican

Two-term senator Richard Burr (Republican) was re-elected with 55% of the vote in 2010. He was 61 years old in 2016. There had been speculation that Burr might retire,^[280] but he ran for re-election.^[47]^[281]

Three Republicans challenged Burr in the primary: Greg Brannon,^[282] Larry Holmquist,^[283] and former Superior Court Judge Paul Wright.^[284] On March 15, Burr won the primary with 61% of the vote.^[285]

Former state representative Deborah Ross,^[48] Spring Lake Mayor Chris Rey,^[286] businessman Kevin Griffin,^[287] and retired U.S. Army Captain Ernest Reeves^[288] ran for the Democratic nomination. Former U.S. Senator Kay Hagan,^[289] state treasurer Janet Cowell,^[290] and Anthony Foxx, the United States Secretary of Transportation and former Mayor of Charlotte, declined to run.^[291] On March 15, Ross won the primary with 62% of the vote.^[292]

Burr won re-election 51% to 45% for Ross.

North Carolina Republican primary election^[285]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Richard Burr (incumbent)	622,074	61.41
	Republican	Greg Brannon	255,030	25.17
	Republican	Paul Wright	85,944	8.48
	Republican	Larry Holmquist	50,010	4.94
Total votes			1,013,058	100.00

North Carolina Democratic primary election^[292]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Deborah Ross	614,414	62.32
	Democratic	Chris Rey	162,869	16.52
	Democratic	Kevin Griffin	115,618	11.73
	Democratic	Ernest Reeves	93,005	9.43
Total votes			985,906	100.00

North Carolina general election^[293]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Richard Burr (incumbent)	2,395,376	51.06	−3.75%
	Democratic	Deborah Ross	2,128,165	45.37	+2.32%
	Libertarian	Sean Haugh	167,592	3.57	+1.48%
Majority			267,208	5.69	6.07%
Total votes			4,691,133	100.00	+76.35%
	Republican hold		Swing

North Dakota

North Dakota election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	John Hoeven	Eliot Glassheim
Party	Republican	Democratic–NPL
Popular vote	268,788	58,116
Percentage	78.5%	17.0%

Hoeven: 40–50% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Glassheim: 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

John Hoeven
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Hoeven
Republican

One-term senator John Hoeven (Republican) was elected with 76% of the vote in 2010. He was 59 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.^[49]

Democrats endorsed state representative Eliot Glassheim.^[294] On November 7, 2015, the Libertarian party nominated Robert Marquette.

Hoeven defeated Glassheim 78% to 17%.

North Dakota Republican primary election^[295]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Hoeven (incumbent)	103,677	99.57
	Republican	Write-in	445	0.43
Total votes			104,122	100.00

Democratic-NPL primary election^[295]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic–NPL	Eliot Glassheim	17,243	99.72
	Democratic–NPL	Write-in	48	0.28
Total votes			17,291	100.00

Libertarian primary election^[295]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Libertarian	Robert Marquette	1,089	99.54
	Libertarian	Write-in	5	0.46
Total votes			1,094	100.00

North Dakota general election^[295]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	John Hoeven (incumbent)	268,788	78.48	+2.40%
	Democratic–NPL	Eliot Glassheim	58,116	16.97	−5.20%
	Libertarian	Robert Marquette	10,556	3.08	+1.45%
	Independent	James Germalic	4,675	1.36	N/A
	Write-ins		366	0.11	N/A
Majority			210,672	61.51
Turnout			342,501	100.00
	Republican hold		Swing

Ohio

Ohio election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Rob Portman	Ted Strickland
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	3,118,567	1,996,908
Percentage	58.0%	37.2%

Portman: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Strickland: 40–50% 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Rob Portman
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Rob Portman
Republican

One-term senator Rob Portman (Republican) was elected with 57% of the vote in 2010. He was 60 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election. He had considered running for president, but decided not to.^[50]

Two candidates filed to challenge him: Don Elijah Eckhart, who ran for OH-15 as an independent in 2008,^[296] and Melissa Strzala. However, Strzala was disqualified.^[297] On March 15, Portman won the primary with 82% of the vote.

Former Governor and Congressman Ted Strickland, Cincinnati City Councilman P.G. Sittenfeld, and occupational therapist Kelli Prather ran for the Democratic nomination.^[298]^[299]^[300] Former state representative Bob Hagan had filed papers to run,^[301] but later withdrew from the race.^[302] On March 15, Strickland won the primary with 65% of the vote.

Joseph DeMare, a machinist from Bowling Green, was the Green Party candidate. He ran unopposed in the March 15, 2016 primary, and received enough votes to substantially increase the number of enrolled Green Party members. In Ohio, the only way to join a political party is to vote in that party's primary.

Portman defeated Strickland 58% to 37.2%.

Ohio Republican primary election^[303]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Rob Portman (incumbent)	1,336,686	82.16
	Republican	Don Elijah Eckhart	290,268	17.84
Total votes			1,626,954	100.00

Ohio Democratic primary election^[303]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ted Strickland	742,676	65.04
	Democratic	P.G. Sittenfeld	254,232	22.26
	Democratic	Kelli Prather	144,945	12.69
Total votes			1,141,853	100.00

Green primary election^[303]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Green	Joe DeMare	3,123	100.00
Total votes			3,123	100.00

Ohio general election^[303]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Rob Portman (incumbent)	3,118,567	58.03	+1.18%
	Democratic	Ted Strickland	1,996,908	37.16	−2.24%
	Independent	Tom Connors	93,041	1.73	N/A
	Green	Joseph R. DeMare	88,246	1.64	N/A
	Independent	Scott Rupert	77,291	1.44	N/A
	Independent	James Stahl (Write-in)	111	0.00	N/A
Total votes			5,374,164	100.00
	Republican hold		Swing	NA

Oklahoma

Oklahoma election

← 2014 (special)

2022 →


Nominee	James Lankford	Mike Workman
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	980,892	355,911
Percentage	67.7%	24.6%

Lankford: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

James Lankford
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

James Lankford
Republican

Two-term senator Tom Coburn (Republican) was re-elected with 71% of the vote in 2010, but chose to leave office before the end of his term after being diagnosed with prostate cancer. James Lankford won the 2014 special election to serve the remainder of Coburn's term.^[304] Lankford ran for re-election.^[23]

Former Congressman Dan Boren was viewed by some Oklahoma political operatives as the only Democrat who could make the 2016 race competitive, but was seen as unlikely to run.^[305] Lankford's 2014 special election opponent Constance N. Johnson had also declined to run.^[305]

Libertarian primary election^[306]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Libertarian	Robert Murphy	1,537	58.89
	Libertarian	Dax Ewbank	1,073	41.11
Total votes			2,610	100.00

Oklahoma general election^[307]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	James Lankford (incumbent)	980,892	67.74
	Democratic	Mike Workman	355,911	24.58
	Libertarian	Robert T. Murphy	43,421	3.00
	Independent	Sean Braddy	40,405	2.79
	Independent	Mark T. Beard	27,418	1.89
Majority			624,981	43.16
Total votes			1,448,047	100.00
	Republican hold

Oregon

Oregon election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Ron Wyden	Mark Callahan
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,105,119	651,106
Percentage	56.6%	33.4%

Wyden: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Callahan: 40–50% 50–60%

U.S. senator before election

Ron Wyden
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Ron Wyden
Democratic

Three-term senator Ron Wyden (Democrat) was re-elected with 57% of the vote in 2010. He was 67 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.^[23]

Medford City Councilor Kevin Stine^[308] and retired locomotive engineer Paul Weaver^[309] challenged Wyden for the Democratic nomination. Wyden won the Democratic nomination.

Information technology consultant and 2014 candidate Mark Callahan,^[51] businessman Sam Carpenter,^[310] business consultant Dan Laschober,^[311] Steven Reynolds,^[309] and Lane County commissioner Faye Stewart^[312] ran for the Republican nomination. Callahan won the Republican nomination.

Oregon Democratic primary election^[313]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ron Wyden (incumbent)	501,903	83.20
	Democratic	Kevin Stine	78,287	12.98
	Democratic	Paul Weaver	20,346	3.37
		write-ins	2,740	0.45
Total votes			603,276	100.00

Oregon Republican primary election^[313]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Mark Callahan	123,473	38.24
	Republican	Sam Carpenter	104,494	32.36
	Republican	Faye Stewart	57,399	17.78
	Republican	Dan Laschober	34,157	10.58
		write-ins	3,357	1.04
Total votes			322,880	100.00

Independent primary election^[313]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Independent Party (Oregon)	Steven Reynolds	10,497	40.80
	Independent Party (Oregon)	Marvin Sandnes	4,733	18.40
		write-ins	10,496	40.80
Total votes			25,726	100.00

Oregon general election^[314]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Ron Wyden (incumbent)	1,105,119	56.60
	Republican	Mark Callahan	651,106	33.35
	Working Families	Shanti Lewallen	61,915	3.17
	Independent Party (Oregon)	Steven Reynolds	59,516	3.05
	Pacific Green	Eric Navickas	48,823	2.50
	Libertarian	Jim Lindsay	23,941	1.23
	Write-Ins		2,058	0.10
Total votes			1,952,478	100.00
	Democratic hold

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Pat Toomey	Katie McGinty
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	2,951,702	2,865,012
Percentage	48.8%	47.3%

Toomey: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
McGinty: 40–50% 50–60% 80–90%

U.S. senator before election

Pat Toomey
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Pat Toomey
Republican

One-term senator Pat Toomey (Republican) was elected with 51% of the vote in 2010. He was 54 years old in 2016. Toomey ran for re-election.^[52]

Everett Stern, a security intelligence consultant and whistleblower of the HSBC money laundering scandal, announced that he would challenge Toomey for the Republican nomination,^[315] but missed the filing deadline, so Toomey was unopposed in the primary.

Democratic candidates included Katie McGinty, former Chief of Staff to Governor Tom Wolf and former Secretary of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection;^[53] former Congressman Joe Sestak, who defeated incumbent senator Arlen Specter (a Democrat turned Republican turned back to Democrat) for the 2010 Democratic nomination, but lost to Toomey in the general election;^[316] then-current mayor of Braddock, Pennsylvania, John Fetterman,^[317] who is an AmeriCorps alum and Harvard University graduate;^[318] and small businessman and senate candidate in 2010 and 2012 Joseph Vodvarka.^[319] Allentown Mayor Ed Pawlowski announced his candidacy for the seat but suspended his campaign due to an FBI investigation of Allentown.^[320] McGinty won the primary and faced Toomey in the general election on November 8, 2016. Toomey defeated McGinty and retained the seat.

Pennsylvania Republican primary election^[321]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	Pat Toomey	1,342,941	100.00
Total votes			1,342,941	100.00

Pennsylvania Democratic primary election^[321]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Katie McGinty	669,774	42.50
	Democratic	Joe Sestak	513,221	32.57
	Democratic	John Fetterman	307,090	19.49
	Democratic	Joseph Vodvarka	85,837	5.45
Total votes			1,575,922	100.00

Pennsylvania general election^[322]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Pat Toomey (incumbent)	2,951,702	48.77	−2.24%
	Democratic	Katie McGinty	2,865,012	47.34	−1.65%
	Libertarian	Edward T. Clifford III	235,142	3.89	N/A
Total votes			6,051,941	100.00
	Republican hold		Swing	NA

South Carolina

South Carolina election

← 2014 (special)

2022 →


Nominee	Tim Scott	Thomas Dixon
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,241,609	757,022
Percentage	60.6%	36.9%

Scott: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Dixon: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Tim Scott
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Tim Scott
Republican

Two-term Republican senator Jim DeMint (Republican) was re-elected with 61% of the vote in 2010. He resigned at the start of 2013 to become president of The Heritage Foundation, and U.S. Representative Tim Scott (Republican) of South Carolina's 1st congressional district was appointed to replace DeMint by Governor Nikki Haley.^[323]

Scott subsequently won the special election in 2014 for the remaining two years of the term. He ran for re-election^[23] and was a potential Republican vice presidential nominee.^[324]^[325]

Other potential Republican candidates included Congressmen Mick Mulvaney,^[326] Jeff Duncan, Mark Sanford; State Senator Tom Davis; State Treasurer Curtis Loftis; and State Attorney General Alan Wilson.^[324] Darla Moore was mentioned as a potential candidate for either party.^[324]

On the Democratic side, Pastor Thomas Dixon ran in the general election on November 8, 2016 but was defeated by the incumbent, Scott.^[54]

South Carolina general election^[327]^[328]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Tim Scott (incumbent)	1,241,609	60.57	−0.55%
	Democratic	Thomas Dixon	757,022	36.93	−0.16%
	Libertarian	Bill Bledsoe	37,482	1.83	N/A
	American	Michael Scarborough	11,923	0.58	N/A
	Other	Write-Ins	1,857	0.09	+0.05%
Majority			484,587	23.62	−0.41%
Turnout			2,049,893	65.75	+22.75%
	Republican hold		Swing

South Dakota

South Dakota election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	John Thune	Jay Williams
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	265,516	104,140
Percentage	71.8%	28.2%

Thune: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Williams: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

John Thune
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

John Thune
Republican

Two-term senator John Thune (Republican) ran unopposed and was re-elected with 100% in 2010.^[55]

Jay Williams, Chair of the Yankton County Democratic Party, and candidate for the State House in 2010 and 2014, ran for the Democratic nomination.^[56] Other potential Democratic candidates included State Senator Bernie Hunhoff^[329] and filmmaker and former television news producer Sam Hurst.^[330]

Former U.S. Representative Stephanie Herseth Sandlin, Sioux Falls Mayor Mike Heuther, and 2014 nominee Rick Weiland all declined to run.^[331]^[332]

South Dakota general election^[333]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Republican	John Thune (incumbent)	265,494	71.83
	Democratic	Jay Williams	104,125	28.17
Majority			161,369	43.66
Total votes			369,619	100.00
	Republican hold

Utah

Utah election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Mike Lee	Misty Snow
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	760,241	301,860
Percentage	68.2%	27.1%

Lee: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Snow: 40–50%

U.S. senator before election

Mike Lee
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Mike Lee
Republican

One-term senator Mike Lee (Republican) was elected with 62% of the vote in 2010. He was 45 years old in 2016. He ran for re-election.^[57] State party chair Thomas Wright, former state senator Dan Liljenquist, State Senator Aaron Osmond, Congressman Jason Chaffetz, Congressman Chris Stewart, former Governor of Utah Mike Leavitt, and Mitt Romney's son Josh Romney^[334]^[335]^[336] were mentioned as potential primary challengers, but all declined to run.^[337]^[338] Lee ran unopposed at the Utah Republican convention, and was the Republican nominee.^[339]

Marriage therapist Jonathan Swinton^[340] and grocery store clerk Misty Snow, a transgender woman, ran for the Democratic nomination. Snow defeated Swinton by more than 20 percentage points, running to the left of Swinton, criticizing him for supporting limitations on abortion rights. She became the first transgender woman to become a major party's nominee for the Senate.^[341]

Utah Democratic primary election^[342]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Misty K. Snow	28,928	59.40
	Democratic	Jonathan Swinton	19,774	40.60
Total votes			48,702	100.00

Utah general election^[343]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Mike Lee (incumbent)	760,241	68.15	+6.59%
	Democratic	Misty Snow	301,860	27.06	−5.71%
	Independent American	Stoney Fonua	27,340	2.45	N/A
	Unaffiliated	Bill Barron	26,167	2.34	N/A
Majority			458,381
Total votes			1,115,608	100.00
	Republican hold		Swing

Vermont

Vermont election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Patrick Leahy	Scott Milne
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	192,243	103,637
Percentage	60.0%	32.3%

Leahy: 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90%
Milne: 40-50% 50-60% 60-70%

U.S. senator before election

Patrick Leahy
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Patrick Leahy
Democratic

Seven-term Democratic Senator Patrick Leahy was re-elected with 64% of the vote in 2010. Leahy won re-election in 2016, aged 76.^[58]

Scott Milne, the Republican nominee who narrowly lost the 2014 Vermont gubernatorial election, ran unsuccessfully against Leahy.^[344]^[345]

Vermont Democratic primary election^[346]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Patrick Leahy (incumbent)	62,412	89.15
	Democratic	Cris Ericson	7,595	10.85
Total votes			70,007	100.00

Vermont general election^[347]^[348]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Patrick Leahy (incumbent)	192,243	59.99	−3.05%
	Republican	Scott Milne	103,637	32.34	+2.08%
	Marijuana	Cris Ericson	9,156	2.86	+1.76%
	Independent	Jerry Trudell	5,223	1.63	N/A
	Liberty Union	Peter Diamondstone	3,241	1.01	0.40%
	Write-ins		309	0.10	N/A
	Spoiled votes		466	0.15	N/A
	Blank votes		6,192	1.93	N/A
Majority			88,606	27.65
Total votes			320,467	100.00
	Democratic hold		Swing

Washington

Washington election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Patty Murray	Chris Vance
Party	Democratic	Republican
Popular vote	1,913,979	1,329,338
Percentage	58.8%	40.9%

Murray: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Vance: 50–60% 60–70%

U.S. senator before election

Patty Murray
Democratic

Elected U.S. Senator

Patty Murray
Democratic

Four-term senator Patty Murray (Democrat) was re-elected with 52% of the vote in 2010. She ran successfully for re-election against Republican candidate Chris Vance.^[60] Congressman Dave Reichert was considered a potential Republican candidate^[349] but chose to run for reelection.^[350]

Washington Blanket primary election^[351]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Patty Murray (incumbent)	745,421	53.82
	Republican	Chris Vance	381,004	27.51
	Republican	Eric John Makus	57,825	4.18
	Democratic	Phil Cornell	46,460	3.35
	Republican	Scott Nazarino	41,542	3.00
	Libertarian	Mike Luke	20,988	1.52
	Democratic	Mohammad Said	13,362	0.96
	Conservative	Donna Rae Lands	11,472	0.83
	Independent	Ted Cummings	11,028	0.80
	Independent	Sam Wright	10,751	0.78
	Republican	Uncle Mover	8,569	0.62
	Independent	Jeremy Teuton	7,991	0.58
	Democratic	Thor Amundson	7,906	0.57
	Independent	Chuck Jackson	6,318	0.46
	Independent	Pano Churchill	5,150	0.37
	Independent	Zach Haller	5,092	0.37
	Independent	Alex Tsimerman	4,117	0.30
Total votes			1,384,996	100.00

Washington general election^[352]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Democratic	Patty Murray (incumbent)	1,913,979	58.83	+6.75%
	Republican	Chris Vance	1,329,338	40.86	−6.51%
	Write-in		10,071	0.31	-0.24%
Majority			584,641	17.97	+13.26%
Total votes			3,253,388	100.00	29.56%
	Democratic hold		Swing

Wisconsin

Wisconsin election

← 2010

2022 →


Nominee	Ron Johnson	Russ Feingold
Party	Republican	Democratic
Popular vote	1,479,471	1,380,335
Percentage	50.2%	46.8%

Johnson: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Feingold: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

U.S. senator before election

Ron Johnson
Republican

Elected U.S. Senator

Ron Johnson
Republican

One-term senator Ron Johnson (Republican) defeated three-term senator Russ Feingold (Democrat) with 52% of the vote in 2010.

On May 14, 2015, Feingold announced that he would seek a rematch against Johnson for his former Senate seat.^[62] Immediately after his announcement, the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee endorsed Feingold's candidacy.^[353] Businesswoman and 2014 gubernatorial nominee Mary Burke declared that she was not seeking statewide office in 2016.^[354]

Johnson and Feingold faced each other again, and Johnson again defeated Feingold, in what many observers and pundits considered to be a surprising and uphill victory.^[61]

Democratic primary
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	Russ Feingold	303,282	90.14
	Democratic	Scott Harbach	33,185	9.86
Total votes			336,467	100.00

Wisconsin general election^[355]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Republican	Ron Johnson (incumbent)	1,479,471	50.2	−1.7%
	Democratic	Russ Feingold	1,380,335	46.8	−0.2%
	Libertarian	Phillip Anderson	87,531	3.0	N/A
		Write-In Votes	8	0.0	N/A
Majority			99,136	3.4	−1.5%
Turnout			2,947,345	100.0
	Republican hold

Notes

^ ^a ^b Both general election candidates in California were Democrats, having won the top two spots in the nonpartisan blanket primary, so all 12.2 million votes in California were counted for Democrats. For comparison, in 2012, the last time a Republican Senate candidate appeared on the California ballot, 12.6 million votes were cast, of which 4.7 million (38%) were cast for the Republican candidate.
^ ^a ^b Both independents caucused with the Democrats.
^ The last elections for this group of senators were in 2010, except for those elected in a special election or who were appointed after the resignation or passing of a sitting senator, as noted.
^ In the 2010 election, Republican nominee Joe Miller won 35.5% of the vote. Murkowski won as a write-in candidate with 39.5% of the vote.
^ Democrat Daniel Inouye won with 74.8% of the vote in 2010, but died on December 17, 2012.
^ Republican Tom Coburn won with 70.6% of the vote in 2010, but resigned at the end of the 113th United States Congress.
^ Republican Jim DeMint won with 61.5% of the vote in 2010, but resigned on January 2, 2013 to become a president of The Heritage Foundation.
^ In the 2010 election, Thune ran unopposed.
^ Democratic total includes 2 Independents who caucus with the Democrats
^ The predictor puts the Vice President for the Democrats, giving them control of the Senate in their ratings with only 50 seats.
^ Shelby was first elected in 1986 and re-elected in 1992 as a Democrat. He switched parties in 1994.
^ Wisconsin was the "tipping point" state.

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[California-2] Both general election candidates in California were Democrats, having won the top two spots in the nonpartisan blanket primary, so all 12.2 million votes in California were counted for Democrats. For comparison, in 2012, the last time a Republican Senate candidate appeared on the California ballot, 12.6 million votes were cast, of which 4.7 million (38%) were cast for the Republican candidate.

[Indy2-3] Both independents caucused with the Democrats.

[8] The last elections for this group of senators were in 2010, except for those elected in a special election or who were appointed after the resignation or passing of a sitting senator, as noted.

[16] In the 2010 election, Republican nominee Joe Miller won 35.5% of the vote. Murkowski won as a write-in candidate with 39.5% of the vote.

[17] Democrat Daniel Inouye won with 74.8% of the vote in 2010, but died on December 17, 2012.

[18] Republican Tom Coburn won with 70.6% of the vote in 2010, but resigned at the end of the 113th United States Congress.

[19] Republican Jim DeMint won with 61.5% of the vote in 2010, but resigned on January 2, 2013 to become a president of The Heritage Foundation.

[20] In the 2010 election, Thune ran unopposed.

[21] Democratic total includes 2 Independents who caucus with the Democrats

[tie-predictor-22] The predictor puts the Vice President for the Democrats, giving them control of the Senate in their ratings with only 50 seats.

[26] Shelby was first elected in 1986 and re-elected in 1992 as a Democrat. He switched parties in 1994.

[74] Wisconsin was the "tipping point" state.

[Clerk_new_format-1] Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives (February 22, 2017). "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 8, 2016" (PDF). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 83.

[4] "WaunaKeegan Results". WaunaKeegan. Archived from the original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved January 13, 2017.

[5] There Were No Purple* States On Tuesday. FiveThirtyEight. November 10, 2016.

[6] Katz, Josh (August 24, 2016). "Democrats Have a 60 Percent Chance to Retake the Senate". NYT. Retrieved August 25, 2016.

[:0-7] Katz, Josh (September 23, 2016). "2016 Senate Election Forecast". The New York Times. Retrieved September 23, 2016.

[cookpolitical.com-9] "2016 Senate Race Ratings for November 2, 2016". November 2, 2016. Retrieved March 27, 2021.

[10] "2016 Senate". University of Virginia Center for Politics. November 7, 2016. Retrieved November 7, 2016.

[11] "2016 Senate Ratings (November 3, 2016)". Senate Ratings. The Rothenberg Political Report. Retrieved March 27, 2021.

[12] "Daily Kos Election 2016 forecast: The final version". Daily Kos. Daily Kos. Retrieved March 27, 2021.

[13] "Battle for the Senate 2016". Real Clear Politics. Retrieved November 3, 2016.

[14] "2016 Senate Forecast". FiveThirtyEight. Retrieved November 7, 2016.

[15] "2016 Senate Forecast". Talking Points Memo. Archived from the original on November 3, 2016. Retrieved November 5, 2016.

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Results summary

Change in composition

Before the elections

After the elections

Final pre-election predictions

Primary dates

Gains, losses and holds

Retirements

Defeats

Post-election changes

Race summary

Elections leading to the next Congress

Closest races

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maryland

Missouri

Nevada

New Hampshire

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

South Carolina

South Dakota

Utah

Vermont

Washington

Wisconsin

See also

Notes

References